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MySQL Architectural Terminology

When you use MySQL, you're actually using two programs, because MySQL operates using a client/server architecture:

The server program, mysqld, is located on the machine where your databases are stored. It listens for client requests coming in over the network and accesses database contents according to those requests to provide clients with the information they request.

Clients are programs that connect to the database server and issue queries to tell it what information they want.

The MySQL distribution includes the database server and several client programs. You use the clients according to the purposes you want to achieve. The one most commonly used is mysql, an interactive client that lets you issue queries and see the results. Two administrative clients are mysqldump, which dumps table contents into a file, and mysqladmin, which allows you to check on the status of the server and performs administrative tasks, such as telling the server to shut down. The distribution includes other clients as well. If you have application requirements for which none of the standard clients is suited, MySQL also provides a client-programming library so that you can write your own programs. The library is usable directly from C programs. If you prefer a language other than C, interfaces are available for several other languages—Perl, PHP, Python, Java, C++, and Ruby, to name a few.
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